Differences

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--- raspberry-pi:ipfire-on-rpicm4 [2023/09/28 16:28] – Zyzonix
+++ raspberry-pi:ipfire-on-rpicm4 [2024/04/23 11:22] (current) – [Adjusting interfaces (important!)] Zyzonix
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-===== Install IPFire on a Raspberry Pi CM4 on DFRobot Carrier Board =====
+====== Install IPFire on a Raspberry Pi CM4 on DFRobot Carrier Board over Serial Console ======
+{{ :raspberry-pi:dfrobot_router_carrier_board_for_rpi_cm4.jpg?450|}}
+This tutorial covers how to install a [[https://ipfire.org/|IPFire]] Firewall on to a [[https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/compute-module-4/?variant=raspberry-pi-cm4001000|Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4]] that is carried on [[https://www.dfrobot.com/product-2242.html|DFRobot's Router Carrier Board Mini]] using a **serial console**.
+//Disclaimer: all provided links in this article **aren't** sponsored!//
+<callout type="info" icon="true">Tutorial tested against a Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 (4GB, rev. 1.2) and IPFire Core Update 179. During the setup a second Raspberry Pi 3B+ with local attached keyboard and monitor was used. </callout>
+→ IPFire's wiki can be found [[https://wiki.ipfire.org/|here]].
+→ And the DFRobot's wiki [[https://wiki.dfrobot.com/Compute_Module_4_IoT_Router_Board_Mini_SKU_DFR0767|here]].
+===== Preparation / Requirements =====
+  * SD-Card (32 GB) + SD-Card-Reader
+  * Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 (4GB RAM recommended)
+  * Jumper Wires (Female to Female)
+  * Official Raspberry Pi USB-C Powersupply (CM4 requires 5V **3A**!)
+  * Configured and running Raspberry Pi (either with SSH-access or working display output)
+//Depending on your Setup://
+  * //HDMI-Cable//
+  * //Keyboard//
+  * //or USB2TTL Apdapter//
+===== Download and flash the Image to the SD-Card =====
+Download the ''aarch64'' Flash Image from IPFire's webpage: [[https://www.ipfire.org/download|ipfire.org/download]].
+Then flash the Image on another computer to the SD-Card. Therefore you can use [[https://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/|Win32DiskImager]] (Windows), the official [[https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/|Raspberry Pi Imager]] (Linux, Windows and MacOS) or [[https://etcher.balena.io/|BalenaEtcher]] (Web, Linux and Windows).
+<callout type="warning" icon="true">
+  * **The compressed IMG is required, the ISO image will not work!**
+  * If experiencing boot issues when using newer hardware revisions have a look at the official IPFire wiki: [[https://wiki.ipfire.org/hardware/arm/rpi/four#fn:1|wiki.ipfire.org]]!
+</callout>
+Before ejecting the SD-Card perform the following changes:
+→ Enable the serial console: add (if not present) ''enable_uart=1'' to ''config.txt''.
+→ Check if ''SERIAL-CONSOLE'' in ''uENV.txt'' is ''SERIAL-CONSOLE=ON''.
+===== Connect both Pi's with jumper cables =====
+{{ :raspberry-pi:rpi_gpio_pinout.png?450|}}
+{{ :raspberry-pi:dfrobot_router_carrier_board_gpio_pinout.jpg?300|}}
+Now connect the following pins on your carrier board's GPIO and your second Pi's GPIO with three jumper wires (female to female):
+<WRAP 40%>
+^ Carrier Board (CM4)  ^ 2nd Raspberry Pi / USB2TTL  ^ Use               ^
+| **''6''**            | **''6''** / **''GND''**     | Ground (GND)      |
+| **''10''**           | **''8''** / **''TX''**      | Receive and send  |
+| **''8''**            | **''10''** / **''RX''**     | Send and receive  |
+</WRAP>
+When connected properly you can power up the carrier board.
+(It is recommended to first power up the second Pi and start the serial console before powering up the carrier board.)
+//Images sourced from [[https://siocours.lycees.nouvelle-aquitaine.pro/lib/exe/fetch.php/isn/gpiopinsv3withpi.png|siocours.lycees.nouvelle-aquitaine.pro]] and [[https://wiki.dfrobot.com/Compute_Module_4_IoT_Router_Board_Mini_SKU_DFR0767|wiki.dfrobot.com - CM4 DFRobot Carrier Board]]//
+===== Open serial console using screen =====
+Before you can open a serial connection: serial console must also be enabled on the Pi from which you wish to connect. Therefore check if your ''/boot/config.txt'' contains ''enable_uart=1''. If not, add it at **top (!)** and reboot.
+<callout type="warning" icon="true">
+When using a Raspberry Pi with bluetooth as second device also add the following lines to your ''config.txt'':
+<code bash>
+# disable bluetooth via uart
+dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt
+dtoverlay=pi3-miniuart-bt
+dtoverlay=disable-bt
+dtoverlay=miniuart-bt
+</code>
+This will disable the bluetooth module, because this may break your serial connection as it also uses the uart console.
+In general there might be issues with the serial connection, it's recommended to firstly open the serial console on the second Pi and then booting up the CM4. Additionally **do not** dis- and reconnect to a running console session, otherwise your console might not be readable anymore for this session.
+</callout>
+Then you can execute the follwing command from the second Pi to connect to your serial console. **It's strongly recommended to use a local attached keyboard and monitor on a Pi that boots to CLI(!) rather than creating the serial connection via SSH / Desktop.**
+<code bash>screen /dev/ttyS0 115200</code>
+(root-permission required!)
+→ you might install ''screen'' befire by running the following command:
+<code bash>sudo apt install screen</code>
+If ''/dev/ttyS0'' doesn't work, use ''/dev/serial0''. In case you are using a USB2TTL-Card use ''/dev/ttyUSB0''.
+Finally perform the setup of IPFire as usual!
+With ''Ctrl+A'' and ''D'' you can quit the ''screen''-session.
+===== Select correct boot method =====
+When booting for the first time, there will be three entries in the grub bootloader.
+**Select the 3rd option, that contains ''serial console''!**
+===== Adjusting Interfaces (MAC Addresses) (important!) =====
+As described also in this [[https://community.ipfire.org/t/rpi-cm4-red-interface-not-available-after-reboot/7119/3|blog post]] in IPFire's official forum, there are assigment issues with the carrier board's NICs. It seems that the second PCIe NIC gets a self-assignet MAC everytime the device boots up. This is followed by the host OS no longer recognizing the NIC. To solve this issue there is a more or less fancy workaround here in this wiki: [[linux:linux-tutorials:set-persistent-mac-rtl8111|Set persistent MAC for RTL8111/8168/8411 (r8169) with udev]] (internal link).
+It's also recommended to completely shut down again and reboot to verify the changes!
+----
+//Resources used: [[https://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/5-linux-unix-commands-for-connecting-to-the-serial-console/|cyberciti.biz - linux serial console]], [[https://scribles.net/setting-up-uart-serial-communication-between-raspberry-pis/|scribles.net - uart communitation between to Raspberry Pis]] and [[https://wiki.ipfire.org/hardware/arm/rpi/four#fn:1|wiki.ipfire.org - Raspberry Pi 4 Model B]]