===== PDF editing on Linux CLI =====

==== Merge PDF ====

You can easily merge two or more PDF's to one on Linux CLI - private and secure, without having the risk that any suspicious webservices crawls your data.

**1st. option:**
Therefore install the package ''poppler-utils''.
<code bash>sudo apt install poppler-utils</code>

Then use ''pdfunite'':
<code bash>pdfunite <inputfile-1> <inputfile-2> [<inputfile-x>] <final-file></code>

**2nd. option:**
Otherwise you can use ''pdftk'':
<code bash>sudo apt install pdftk</code>

With this command structure:
<code bash>pdftk <inputfile-1> <inputfile-2> cat output <final-file></code>

//Paritally sourced from [[https://linuxopsys.com/topics/merge-pdf-files-on-ubuntu|linuxopsys.com - Merge PDF]]//

==== Rotate PDF ====

It is also easy to rotate a PDF from CLI. Therefore install ''pdftk'' from the upper section.

→ Then use this command to rotate clockwise:
<code bash>pdftk <inputfile-1> cat 1east end output <final-file></code>

→ To rotate anti-clockwise use this command:
<code bash>pdftk <inputfile-1> cat 1west end output <final-file></code>

By replacing e.g. ''1east'' with other cardinal directions, it is also possible to change a page by 180°.

==== Delete page from PDF ====

It is also easy to delete the last page from a PDF via CLI. Therefore also install ''pdftk'' from the upper section.

→ Then use this command to delete the **last** page:
<code bash>pdftk <inputfile-1> cat 1-r2 output <final-file></code>